Clean up network data flows

data structureThe structure of encapsulated data (https://forgarden.tistory.com/9)

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2020). Obtain Google's IP address from the DNS server. (Layer7)

  • 3-way-handshake: The user's computer and the Google server use the TCP protocol to establish a connection.

  • When sending data, each layer encapsulates the data by attaching a header.

    Yeongsu

    Layer

    Protocol Name

    Yeongsu

    Capsule Data Name

    Yeongsu

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  • physical transmission

    The physical layer converts encapsulated digital data into digital electrical signals and sends data to the switch.

  • Processing in the switch (hub)

    The switch determines to which port to send data through the MAC address.

  • The router checks the IP address and determines the next path through the routing table.

    If the IP of the origin is private, change the IP of the origin to public IP (NAT)

    If the next destination router arrives, reverse the MAC address to the next destination.

    Repeat the above procedure until you reach your destination

  • Destination Arrival

    The last router knows the route to the destination and forwards the data to that server.

  • Data Processing

    The Google server decapsulates data, extracts the necessary information, and sends the webpage to the user.


    Digital/Electrical Signal Analog/Strong>InternalDataConverts

    DataInternalSignatureInternalSignatureSystemConverts


    DataSignals

    Converts to digital electrical signal until it goes outside via LAN cable and modem via LAN card (NIC).

    When you leave the modem, it is sent as an analog signal .


    (digital signal/analog signal)digital data

    This is the form of information processed inside the computer.

    For example, text files, images, audio files, etc. are all stored as digital data.

    This data exists in binary form consisting of 0 and 1.

    (substantial 0,1 data)


    digital electrical signal

    To transmit digital data between network equipment using a LAN cable, etc., you must convert it into an electrical signal.

    This is the digital electrical signal. For example, data transmission over an Ethernet cable uses digital electrical signals.

    This signal is typically expressed in two states: high and low voltages, and this transition represents 0 and 1 of the digital data.

    (For example, only 0V and 5V exist)


    analog signal

    The analog signal has a continuous value.

    For example, the signal used in voice communication over a telephone line is an analog signal.

    (For example, the process from 0V to 5V is called an analog signal)

    Network equipment (node)

    Repeater (Layer1)

    If the weakened digital signal becomes far away from each other (bridge)

    Send or receive data referring to the routing table (routing table)


    router (Layer3)

    If the IP address of the transmission and reception data is the network to which it belongs, it is sent to the outside IPDeRouter (gateway)

    In general, a home router, etc. has a switching hub and a router function (router)

    <

    (Efficient to distribute incoming data to specific ports)

    (Feels like a mixture of bridges and hubs)

    So it is used more than hubs


    See also

    Aug 30, 2023 Views 136

  • L3

    IP

    Packet

    Signal